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Dizziness - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic

Dizziness - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic

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Dizziness

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OverviewDizziness is a term used to describe a range of sensations, such as feeling faint, woozy, weak or unsteady. Dizziness that creates the false sense that you or your surroundings are spinning or moving is called vertigo.

Dizziness is one of the more common reasons adults visit their doctors. Frequent dizzy spells or constant dizziness can significantly affect your life. But dizziness rarely signals a life-threatening condition.

Treatment of dizziness depends on the cause and your symptoms. It's usually effective, but the problem may recur.Products & ServicesA Book: Mayo Clinic Book of Home RemediesA Book: Mayo Clinic on Hearing and BalanceShow more products from Mayo Clinic

SymptomsPeople experiencing dizziness may describe it as any of a number of sensations, such as:

A false sense of motion or spinning (vertigo)

Lightheadedness or feeling faint

Unsteadiness or a loss of balance

A feeling of floating, wooziness or heavy-headedness

These feelings may be triggered or worsened by walking, standing up or moving your head. Your dizziness may be accompanied by nausea or be so sudden or severe that you need to sit or lie down. The episode may last seconds or days and may recur.

When to see a doctorGenerally, see your doctor if you experience any recurrent, sudden, severe, or prolonged and unexplained dizziness or vertigo.

Get emergency medical care if you experience new, severe dizziness or vertigo along with any of the following:

Sudden, severe headache

Chest pain

Difficulty breathing

Numbness or paralysis of arms or legs

Fainting

Double vision

Rapid or irregular heartbeat

Confusion or slurred speech

Stumbling or difficulty walking

Ongoing vomiting

Seizures

A sudden change in hearing

Facial numbness or weakness

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Causes

Inner ear and balance

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Inner ear and balance

Inner ear and balance

Loop-shaped canals in your inner ear contain fluid and fine, hairlike sensors that help you keep your balance. At the base of the canals are the utricle and saccule, each containing a patch of sensory hair cells. Within these cells are tiny particles (otoconia) that help monitor the position of your head in relation to gravity and linear motion, such as going up and down in an elevator or moving forward and backward in a car.

Dizziness has many possible causes, including inner ear disturbance, motion sickness and medication effects. Sometimes it's caused by an underlying health condition, such as poor circulation, infection or injury.

The way dizziness makes you feel and your triggers provide clues for possible causes. How long the dizziness lasts and any other symptoms you have also help pinpoint the cause.

Inner ear problems that cause dizziness (vertigo)Your sense of balance depends on the combined input from the various parts of your sensory system. These include your:

Eyes, which help you determine where your body is in space and how it's moving

Sensory nerves, which send messages to your brain about body movements and positions

Inner ear, which houses sensors that help detect gravity and back-and-forth motion

Vertigo is the false sense that your surroundings are spinning or moving. With inner ear disorders, your brain receives signals from the inner ear that aren't consistent with what your eyes and sensory nerves are receiving. Vertigo is what results as your brain works to sort out the confusion.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). This condition causes an intense and brief but false sense that you're spinning or moving. These episodes are triggered by a rapid change in head movement, such as when you turn over in bed, sit up or experience a blow to the head. BPPV is the most common cause of vertigo.

Infection. A viral infection of the vestibular nerve, called vestibular neuritis, can cause intense, constant vertigo. If you also have sudden hearing loss, you may have labyrinthitis.

Meniere's disease. This disease involves the excessive buildup of fluid in your inner ear. It's characterized by sudden episodes of vertigo lasting as long as several hours. You may also experience fluctuating hearing loss, ringing in the ear and the feeling of a plugged ear.

Migraine. People who experience migraines may have episodes of vertigo or other types of dizziness even when they're not having a severe headache. Such vertigo episodes can last minutes to hours and may be associated with headache as well as light and noise sensitivity.

Circulation problems that cause dizzinessYou may feel dizzy, faint or off balance if your heart isn't pumping enough blood to your brain. Causes include:

Drop in blood pressure. A dramatic drop in your systolic blood pressure — the higher number in your blood pressure reading — may result in brief lightheadedness or a feeling of faintness. It can occur after sitting up or standing too quickly. This condition is also called orthostatic hypotension.

Poor blood circulation. Conditions such as cardiomyopathy, heart attack, heart arrhythmia and transient ischemic attack could cause dizziness. And a decrease in blood volume may cause inadequate blood flow to your brain or inner ear.

Other causes of dizziness

Neurological conditions. Some neurological disorders — such as Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis — can lead to progressive loss of balance.

Medications. Dizziness can be a side effect of certain medications — such as anti-seizure drugs, antidepressants, sedatives and tranquilizers. In particular, blood pressure lowering medications may cause faintness if they lower your blood pressure too much.

Anxiety disorders. Certain anxiety disorders may cause lightheadedness or a woozy feeling often referred to as dizziness. These include panic attacks and a fear of leaving home or being in large, open spaces (agoraphobia).

Low iron levels (anemia). Other signs and symptoms that may occur along with dizziness if you have anemia include fatigue, weakness and pale skin.

Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). This condition generally occurs in people with diabetes who use insulin. Dizziness (lightheadedness) may be accompanied by sweating and anxiety.

Carbon monoxide poisoning. Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning are often described as "flu-like" and include headache, dizziness, weakness, upset stomach, vomiting, chest pain and confusion.

Overheating and dehydration. If you're active in hot weather or if you don't drink enough fluids, you may feel dizzy from overheating (hyperthermia) or from dehydration. This is especially true if you take certain heart medications.

Risk factorsFactors that may increase your risk of getting dizzy include:

Age. Older adults are more likely to have medical conditions that cause dizziness, especially a sense of imbalance. They're also more likely to take medications that can cause dizziness.

A past episode of dizziness. If you've experienced dizziness before, you're more likely to get dizzy in the future.

ComplicationsDizziness can increase your risk of falling and injuring yourself. Experiencing dizziness while driving a car or operating heavy machinery can increase the likelihood of an accident. You may also experience long-term consequences if an existing health condition that may be causing your dizziness goes untreated.

By Mayo Clinic Staff

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Dec. 03, 2022

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Show references

Walls RM, et al., eds. Dizziness and vertigo. In: Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier; 2018. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Dizziness and vertigo. Merck Manual Professional Version. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/ear-nose-and-throat-disorders/approach-to-the-patient-with-ear-problems/dizziness-and-vertigo. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Dizziness and motion sickness. American Academy of Otolaryngology — Head and Neck Surgery. https://www.entnet.org//content/dizziness-and-motion-sickness. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Flint PW, et al. Peripheral vestibular disorders. In: Cummings Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2015. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 8, 2018.

Bope ET, et al. Dizziness and vertigo. In: Conn's Current Therapy 2018. Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier; 2018. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 8, 2018.

Branch WT, et al. Approach to the patient with dizziness. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Heat injury and heat exhaustion. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00319. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Muncie HL, et al. Dizziness: Approach to evaluation and management. American Family Physician. 2017;95:154.

Moskowitz HS, et al. Meniere disease. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Migraine information page. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Migraine-Information-Page. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Shepard NT (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. June 4, 2018.

Rohren CH (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. July 4, 2018.

Important facts about falls. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/homeandrecreationalsafety/falls/adultfalls.html. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Carbon monoxide poisoning FAQs. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/co/faqs.htm. Accessed April 9, 2020.

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Feeling Dizzy: Causes, Symptoms, and When to Seek Medical Help

Feeling Dizzy: Causes, Symptoms, and When to Seek Medical Help

Skip to main content Home Conditions Back Conditions View All ADD/ADHDAllergiesArthritisAtrial fibrillationBreast CancerCancerCrohn's DiseaseDepressionDiabetesDVTEczemaEye HealthHeart DiseaseHIV & AIDSLung DiseaseLupusMental HealthMultiple SclerosisMigrainePain ManagementPsoriasisPsoriatic ArthritisRheumatoid ArthritisSexual ConditionsSkin ProblemsSleep DisordersUlcerative Colitis View All Drugs & Supplements Back Drugs & SupplementsDrugsSupplementsPill IdentifierInteraction CheckerWell-Being Back Well-Being View All Aging WellBabyBirth ControlChildren's HealthDiet & Weight ManagementFitness & ExerciseFood & RecipesHealthy BeautyMen's HealthParentingPet HealthPregnancySex & RelationshipsTeen HealthWomen's Health View All Symptom CheckerFind a DoctorMore Back MoreNewsBlogsPodcastsWebinarsNewslettersWebMD MagazineBest HospitalsSupport GroupsOrthopedics Privacy & More Subscribe Log In Search Subscribe Brain & Nervous SystemReferenceWhy Am I Dizzy?Medically Reviewed by Poonam Sachdev on January 07, 2024 Written by Stephanie Langmaid, Marijke Vroomen Durning, RNWhat Is Dizziness?Dizziness CausesVertigoHeart Problems and DizzinessLow Blood Pressure and DizzinessOther Common Causes of DizzinessDizziness SymptomsHow to Stop Feeling DizzyTakeawaysDizziness FAQs9 min read What Is Dizziness?Dizziness is a feeling of being lightheaded, unsteady, and faint. It can make you feel like the world is spinning. Sometimes the feeling is mild and goes away quickly. Other times it can be severe and come along with other symptoms, like a headache and throwing up. Dizziness CausesMany parts of your body – including your eyes, brain, inner ear, and nerves in your feet and spine – work together to keep you balanced. When a part of that system is off, you can feel dizzy. Many things can cause dizziness, such as:Inner ear problems, like vertigoInner ear infectionsBeing low in certain nutrientsHeart problemsConcussionDiseases that affect your brainDehydrationStress and anxietySome medicationsMotion sicknessLow blood sugar

When you're dizzy, you might feel like the world is spinning, even though you're standing still. (Photo Credit: Vicu9)

VertigoIf it feels like the room is spinning around you and you have trouble staying steady on your feet, you might have a type of dizziness called vertigo. Vertigo can be a symptom of several health conditions affecting your inner ear and your vestibular system. The vestibular system is what helps you sense your body's position in space, coordinate your movements, and stay upright and balanced.    Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a common inner ear disorder. With BPPV, tiny bits of calcium in part of your inner ear get loose and move to places they don't belong. The system doesn't work the way it should and sends your brain the wrong signals.It's often caused by the natural breakdown of cells that happens with age. A head injury can cause it, too.You'll feel it briefly when you tilt or turn your head, and especially when you roll over in bed or sit up. BPPV isn't serious and usually goes away on its own. If not – or you'd like to help it along – it can be treated with special head exercises to get the pieces of calcium back in place. Your doctor can help you perform these exercises. Meniere's disease People with Meniere's disease have too much fluid in their inner ear. This condition brings on intense periods of vertigo that can last hours. You may feel fullness or pressure in one ear. Other symptoms include ringing in your ears, hearing loss, and nausea. You may feel exhausted after the attack passes. Doctors don't know what causes it, and there's no cure for it. It's usually treated with diet changes (a low-salt diet) and medicine to control the dizziness.Inner ear infectionInflammation of the nerves in your ears due to infection also causes vertigo. Vestibular neuritis and labyrinthitis are two types of infections that can cause problems in the inner ear. Vestibular neuritis affects your vestibular nerve, and labyrinthitis affects both your vestibular nerve and your cochlear nerve – a nerve in your ear involved in hearing. These infections are often caused by a virus.Other causes of vertigoSome other causes of vertigo include:A noncancerous tumor that puts pressure on the vestibular nerve called an acoustic neuromaSome medications that hurt the inner ear, such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, diuretics, or salicylates Head injuryStrokeMultiple sclerosisVestibular migraineHeart Problems and DizzinessDizziness can sometimes be a sign of a heart problem. It could be an early sign of heart disease or a more serious sign of a heart attack.  If your arteries are blocked because of atherosclerosis, for example, your blood flow slows down and doesn’t circulate through your body as it should. Your heart tries to pump harder and faster to help. This might make you feel a racing heart and dizziness, as well as other symptoms.Heart palpitations and dizzinessHeart palpitations – the feeling that your heart is beating faster than normal or fluttering – is fairly common. But if you feel your heart fluttering and dizziness together, this could be a sign of problems with your heart. You should see your doctor as soon as possible if this happens.Low Blood Pressure and DizzinessDizziness can be a sign of low blood pressure, or hypotension. Your brain needs a steady supply of oxygen-rich blood to function properly. Your heart provides this by pumping the blood throughout your body. This pumping action causes pressure as it pushes the blood through the arteries. This is similar to when you turn on a garden hose. As the water fills the hose, it puts pressure on the hose itself. If the water pressure is too low, the water can’t reach as far. If your blood pressure drops too low, the blood doesn’t circulate and can’t reach your brain. This can cause dizziness and fainting, especially if you move suddenly from a sitting to a standing position.Other heart- and circulation-related problems can cause dizziness, such as:Heart attackSudden severe blood lossStanding up quickly, particularly for older peopleBlood clotsClogged arteriesIrregular heartbeatOther Common Causes of DizzinessDizziness is quite common and has a wide range of other causes.DehydrationMany people don't drink enough fluids to replace the liquid they lose every day when they sweat, breathe, and pee. When you're very dehydrated, your blood pressure can drop, your brain may not get enough oxygen, and you'll feel dizzy. Other symptoms of dehydration include thirstiness, tiredness, and dark urine.To help avoid dehydration, drink plenty of water and other unsweetened beverages, and limit coffee, tea, and soda, which can increase dehydration.MedicationsSeveral drugs list dizziness as a possible side effect. Check with your doctor if you take:Antibiotics, including gentamicin and streptomycinAntidepressantsAnti-seizure medicationsBlood pressure medicineSedatives Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)People with diabetes need to check the amount of sugar (glucose) in their blood often. You can get dizzy if it drops too low. That also can cause hunger, shakiness, sweating, and confusion. Some people without diabetes also have trouble with low blood sugar.Motion sicknessIf you get motion sickness, either from riding in a car, being on a boat, or even going on a carnival ride, you may get dizzy as well as sick to your stomach. Concussions (traumatic brain injuries)If you’ve had a strong impact to your head, you are at risk of a concussion – a traumatic brain injury (TBI). A blow to the head could be caused by many things, such as a fall down stairs, certain sports (especially sports like football), or even if your head and neck are shaken badly, like in a car accident.One of the signs of a concussion is dizziness. You could also have:HeadacheNausea and vomitingRinging in your earsBlurry visionDrowsinessConfusion Concussions should be taken seriously. If you think you might have one, seek emergency care as soon as possible.Anxiety and stressIf you are anxious, you could feel several physical symptoms, including dizziness. Doctors don’t know why this happens, but they think that somehow the areas in the brain responsible for anxiety and dizziness interact with each other, and that interaction results in dizziness.Carbon monoxide poisoningCarbon monoxide poisoning is very serious. Every year, more than 100,000 people in the U.S. need emergency treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning, and at least 420 die. One of the most common symptoms is dizziness, along with:HeadacheWeaknessNausea and vomitingChest painConfusionIf you have any of these symptoms, leave where you are right away and call 911.Low iron levelsIron is an essential mineral that helps your blood carry oxygen throughout your body. Low iron levels, called iron deficiency anemia, can cause dizziness, as well as:FatigueFeeling that your hands and feet are coldWeaknessShortness of breathA hard time concentratingBruising easilyHeadachesThere are many reasons you could be low in iron, including:Internal bleeding, like in your gastrointestinal (GI) tract or urinary tractLosing blood after a serious injury or during surgeryHaving heavy menstrual periodsBlood loss after childbirth or miscarriageGiving blood donations too frequentlyCertain diseases, like inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis)Weight loss surgeryKidney diseaseDizziness SymptomsFeeling dizzy can be very uncomfortable. Symptoms include feeling like:Everything around you is moving or spinning and you’re not.You’re lightheaded and going to faint.You can’t keep your balance.You're a little confused or foggy.You're nauseated.How to Stop Feeling DizzyOccasional dizziness often goes away on its own. In general, if you feel dizzy, try lying down for a few minutes. Sit up very slowly, without sudden movements. Then slowly stand up. This may help. Here are some more tips and home remedies for dizziness, depending on what caused it:Dehydration. If you are overheated or dehydrated, drink fluids, move to a cool or shaded spot, and rest. Water is good, but you may want to try a sports drink, which has electrolytes and minerals the can speed hydration.Medications. Check your drugs for side effects to see if they could be causing your dizziness. Speak with your doctor or pharmacist about your dizziness. If it’s caused by an over-the-counter medication, the pharmacist may be able to suggest another type. If it’s a prescription medication, there may be tips on when and how to take the drug to lower the risk of dizziness. If not, then speak with your doctor to see if there is another medication that can replace it. Low blood sugar. A quick fix is to eat or drink something with sugar, like juice or a hard candy. But if you have diabetes, speak with your doctor about the best way to handle low blood sugar.Motion sickness. It’s not always possible to avoid motion sickness. If you do get motion sickness, you can:Sit in the front seat of a car or as close to the front as possible in a bus. Look out at the horizon.Choose window seats when possible.Lie down if you’re on a boat.Close your eyes.Sip water to stay hydrated.Eat small portions of food frequently.Don't smoke.Suck on ginger candy or other types of lozenges.If your dizziness is caused by something more serious, like a concussion, illness, or an injury, you need to see a doctor. You may need treatment for what is causing it, like antibiotics for an ear infection.TakeawaysIt’s not unusual to feel dizzy once in a while, especially if it’s caused by motion sickness or being out in the sun for too long. But if you have frequent episodes, the dizziness doesn’t go away, or it’s interfering with your daily activities, speak to your doctor so you can find out what is causing it.If you are dizzy after hitting your head, no matter how lightly, or you have any of these symptoms along with the dizziness, get emergency medical care. Do not drive yourself to the hospital, though, because the dizziness could cause you to have an accident.A hard time breathingChest painIrregular heartbeatNumbness or weakness of your arms, legs, or faceA hard time walkingA hard time speaking or slurred speechDouble visionSevere headacheConfusionSeizuresA hard time hearingContinuous vomitingDizziness FAQsWhen should you worry about dizziness?If you get dizzy once in a while and it goes away, you probably don’t need to worry. But if you get dizzy a lot and if the dizziness lasts for long periods, it could be caused by a more serious problem, like an ear infection or medication side effect. Dizziness after a head injury is an emergency, so seek help right away if this happens. What are the causes of dizziness?There are many possible causes of dizziness, from simple things like spinning too much on a carnival ride to motion sickness. But there are some serious causes as well, such as a head injury, blood loss, or having low blood sugar levels.What are the red flags for dizziness?You should be concerned about being dizzy if it happens after a head injury, it happens often, lasts long, or you have other symptoms as well. These include having a sudden, severe headache, confusion, double vision, or numbness or weakness in your arms, legs, or face, among others.How do I stop feeling dizzy?Try lying down for a few minutes and closing your eyes. Then sit up slowly, taking your time. Finally, stand up slowly – don’t make sudden or quick movements. Sources Update History ShareSOURCES:National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders: "Meniere's Disease."National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases: "Low Blood Glucose (Hypoglycemia)."National Health Service (U.K.): "Dizziness (lightheadedness)."Vestibular Disorders Association: "Causes of Dizziness."CDC: “Motion Sickness,” “Carbon Monoxide (CO) Poisoning Prevention.”Cleveland Clinic: “Blood Pressure,” “Dizziness,” “Iron-Deficiency Anemia.”Harvard Health Publishing: “Anxiety Overload.”Mayo Clinic: “Heart Disease,” “Symptom Checker,” “Concussion,” “Inner ear and balance,” “Dizziness.”MedlinePlus: “Warning signs and symptoms of heart disease.”National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: “Iron-Deficiency Anemia.”Penn Medicine: “Low Blood Pressure.”How we keep our content up to date:Our medical and editorial staff closely follow the health news cycle, new research, drug approvals, clinical practice guidelines and other developments to ensure our content receives appropriate and timely updates. January 07, 2024Medically Reviewed by: Poonam Sachdev, MD View privacy policy, copyright and trust info Share View privacy policy, copyright and trust info More on Brain & Nervous System DisordersThe Nervous System and How It WorksBrain-Boosting BeveragesTop Exercises for the Right Brain Recommended FEATURED Top doctors in , Find more top doctors on Search Related LinksBrain & Nervous System News & FeaturesBrain & Nervous System ReferenceBrain & Nervous System SlideshowsBrain & Nervous System QuizzesBrain & Nervous System VideosFind a NeurologistLiving Better With MSADHDAlzheimer's DiseaseAutismConcussionCreutzfeldt-Jakob DiseaseEpilepsyGuillain-Barré SyndromeLou Gehrig’s Disease (ALS)Multiple SclerosisParkinson's DiseaseRestless Legs SyndromeSpinal Muscular AtrophyStrokeMore Related TopicsPoliciesPrivacy PolicyCookie PolicyEditorial PolicyAdvertising PolicyCorrection PolicyTerms of UseAboutContact UsAbout WebMDCareersNewsletterCorporateWebMD Health ServicesSite MapAccessibilityOur AppsWebMD MobileWebMD AppPregnancyBabyAllergyFor AdvertisersAdvertise with UsAdvertising Policy © 2005 - 2024 WebMD LLC, an Internet Brands company. 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Dizziness: Causes, Related Symptoms, Treatment, Diagnosis

Dizziness: Causes, Related Symptoms, Treatment, Diagnosis

Health ConditionsFeaturedBreast CancerIBD MigraineMultiple Sclerosis (MS)Rheumatoid ArthritisType 2 DiabetesSponsored TopicsArticlesAcid RefluxADHDAllergiesAlzheimer's & DementiaBipolar DisorderCancerCrohn's DiseaseChronic PainCold & FluCOPDDepressionFibromyalgiaHeart DiseaseHigh CholesterolHIVHypertensionIPFOsteoarthritisPsoriasisSkin Disorders and CareSTDsDiscoverWellness TopicsNutritionFitnessSkin CareSexual HealthWomen's HealthMental Well-BeingSleepProduct ReviewsVitamins & SupplementsSleepMental HealthNutritionAt-Home TestingCBDMen’s HealthOriginal SeriesFresh Food FastDiagnosis DiariesYou’re Not AlonePresent TenseVideo SeriesYouth in FocusHealthy HarvestThrough An Artist's EyeFuture of HealthPlanHealth ChallengesMindful EatingSugar SavvyMove Your BodyGut HealthMood FoodsAlign Your SpineFind CarePrimary CareMental HealthOB-GYNDermatologistsNeurologistsCardiologistsOrthopedistsLifestyle QuizzesWeight ManagementAm I Depressed? A Quiz for TeensAre You a Workaholic?How Well Do You Sleep?Tools & ResourcesHealth NewsFind a DietFind Healthy SnacksDrugs A-ZHealth A-ZConnectFind Your Bezzy CommunityBreast CancerInflammatory Bowel DiseasePsoriatic ArthritisMigraineMultiple SclerosisPsoriasisFollow us on social mediaHealthlineHealth ConditionsDiscoverPlanConnectSubscribeWhat Causes Dizziness and How to Treat ItMedically reviewed by Seunggu Han, M.D. — By Amber Erickson Gabbey and Erika Klein — Updated on August 10, 2022CausesRelated symptomsTreatmentDiagnosis11 tipsTakeawayPossible causes of dizziness include vertigo, dehydration, hypoglycemia, and neurological conditions. Lifestyle changes and medications are among the most common treatments.What is dizziness?Dizziness is the feeling of being lightheaded, woozy, or off-balance. It’s linked to the sensory organs, specifically the eyes and ears, so it can sometimes cause fainting. Dizziness isn’t a disease itself but rather a symptom of various disorders.Dizziness is common. Occasional dizziness isn’t something to worry about. However, it’s important to call a doctor immediately if you’re experiencing repeated episodes of dizziness for no apparent reason or for a prolonged period.Dizziness causesDizziness has a variety of possible causes.Vertigo and disequilibriumTrue dizziness is the feeling of lightheadedness or nearly fainting.Vertigo and disequilibrium may both cause a feeling of dizziness, but these two terms describe distinct sensations.Vertigo is characterized by a spinning sensation, like the room is moving. It may also feel like motion sickness or as if you’re leaning to one side.Disequilibrium is a loss of balance or equilibrium.A common cause of vertigo and vertigo-related dizziness is benign positional vertigo (BPV). BPV leads to short-term dizziness when someone changes positions quickly, such as sitting up in bed after lying down.Dizziness and vertigo can also be triggered by Meniere’s disease. This condition causes fluid to build up in the ear with associated ear fullness, hearing loss, and tinnitus.Another possible cause of dizziness and vertigo is an acoustic neuroma. This noncancerous tumor forms on the vestibulocochlear nerve (auditory nerve), which connects the inner ear to the brain.Common causesLosing too much fluid can result in dehydration, one of the most common causes of dizziness. Symptoms of dehydration include thirst and dry skin.Other common causes of dizziness include a migraine attack or alcohol.Dizziness can also result from a problem in the inner ear, which is the area that senses movement and regulates balance. These problems include hearing loss.Dizziness may be linked to certain medications, too, including:muscle relaxantsantiepileptic drugsantihistaminesblood pressure medicationsOther possible causesSome other potential causes of dizziness include:Sudden drop in blood pressure: Sudden low blood pressure may be caused by various medical conditions or even from standing up (orthostatic hypotension). It can lead to dizziness and falling, especially in older adults. Cardiomyopathy: In this condition, the heart muscles become rigid and weak and pump less blood. Symptoms can include dizziness, fainting, and trouble breathing.Heart attack: While chest pain is the most common indicator of a heart attack, dizziness or lightheadedness can also be symptoms. They occur if there’s not enough blood reaching your brain.Arrhythmia: Arrhythmia occurs when the heart beats at an atypical pace. It can cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or shortness of breath.Circulation problems: Cardiomyopathy, heart attack, and other heart conditions can result in circulation problems, where your heart is unable to pump enough blood. This can cause you to feel dizzy.Excessive exercise: Overexerting yourself may make you feel dizzy or lightheaded. It can also lead to dehydration and heat exhaustion, which can both cause dizziness.Heat exhaustion: If you’re in a hot environment and sweating excessively, you’re likely experiencing heat exhaustion. The condition may make you feel dizzy, thirsty, and weak.Decrease in blood volume: Low blood volume can result from bleeding or dehydration. It can cause dizziness, fatigue, and low blood pressure. Learn more about the relationship between dehydration and blood pressure.Anxiety disorders: Dizziness may be related to anxiety with no other physical causes. You may have repeated episodes of dizziness.Anemia: Anemia is a low red blood cell count. Low levels of iron-rich hemoglobin in your red blood cells mean the cells can’t transport enough oxygen throughout the body. The lack of oxygen caused by anemia may make you feel dizzy, tired, or short of breath.Hypoglycemia: Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, can make you feel shaky, lightheaded, or hungry. Severe hypoglycemia is a serious condition that can cause a seizure. Discover other symptoms associated with hypoglycemia.Carbon monoxide poisoning: If carbon monoxide fumes from cars, grills, or furnaces build up indoors, breathing them in can be fatal. Dizziness, headache, and vomiting are all symptoms.Motion sickness: Traveling by car or boat or experiencing other types of motion can give you motion sickness. You may feel dizzy and nauseous.Multiple sclerosis (MS): Multiple sclerosis (MS) damages the brain and spinal cord. It causes a range of symptoms that can include dizziness.Parkinson’s disease: Dizziness is a common symptom of Parkinson’s disease, a neurological condition that causes shaking and balance issues. Dizziness may become more noticeable in later stages of Parkinson’s.Infections: A variety of infections are associated with dizziness. Examples include: COVID-19: You may feel dizziness and vertigo while you have or recover from COVID-19. The dizziness and vertigo may be associated with headaches and a loss of balance.Other viral infections: Other viral infections, such as the flu or a cold, may also cause you to feel dizzy or lightheaded. These infections may be associated with dehydration as well.Ear infection: An ear infection may lead to inflammation in your inner ear, causing dizziness and balance troubles. Ear infections are associated with both bacterial and viral causes.Labyrinthitis and vestibular neuritis: Labyrinthitis and vestibular neuritis occur when specific nerves in your inner ear become inflamed. Triggers often include viral infections, but they can vary. Bacterial infections are more common in people with labyrinthitis than in people with vestibular neuritis.In rare cases, a stroke, a malignant tumor, or another brain disorder can cause dizziness.Symptoms related to dizzinessPeople who are dizzy may experience various sensations, including:lightheadedness or faintnessa false sense of spinningunsteadinessa loss of balancea feeling of floatingSometimes, dizziness is accompanied by nausea, vomiting, or fainting. Seek emergency medical help if you have these symptoms for extended periods.When to call a doctor about dizzinessIt’s important to call a doctor if you have repeated bouts of dizziness. Also, notify a doctor immediately if you experience sudden dizziness along with:a head injurya headacheneck stiffnessa high feverongoing vomitingblurred visionhearing losstinnitusdifficulty speakingnumbness or tinglingdroopiness of the eye or mouthloss of consciousnesschest painheart palpitations or a low heart rateThese symptoms could indicate a serious health problem, so it’s important to seek medical attention as soon as possible. According to a 2021 Swedish study, 5% of people who used emergency services for dizziness had a time-critical medical issue.If you don’t already have a primary care doctor, the Healthline FindCare tool can help you find a physician in your area.Dizziness treatmentTreatment for dizziness focuses on the underlying cause. In most cases, home remedies and medical treatments can help you manage the underlying cause.The following are potential treatments for the causes of dizziness:Vertigo and benign positional vertigo (BPV): BPV, a common cause of vertigo, can often be resolved with the Epley maneuver. This exercise involves turning your head in specific ways to help alleviate symptoms. Surgery is typically not needed, but it’s an option for people who can’t manage their BPV otherwise.Meniere’s disease: This condition has no cure, but it may improve with medications, a healthful low-salt diet, antibiotic or corticosteroid injections, or ear surgery.Acoustic neuroma: If the tumor grows, you may need radiation or surgery.Dehydration: To help treat dehydration, drink plenty of fluids.Migraine: Treatment for migraine attacks includes medications and lifestyle changes, such as learning to identify and avoid migraine triggers.Alcohol: Drinking less alcohol may help you avoid dizziness from overconsumption.Inner ear issues: You may be able to manage inner ear issues with medications or at-home exercises that help you maintain your balance.Medications: If medications seem to be causing your dizziness, speak with a doctor about changing your medication or dose.Sudden drop in blood pressure: Treatment for sudden low blood pressure depends on the cause or underlying condition, but it may involve adjusting your medications, exercising, or changing positions slowly when standing up.Cardiomyopathy: This condition may be improved with medications or lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking and eating a heart-healthy diet.Heart attack: A heart attack requires emergency treatment, which may include medications, oxygen therapy, or surgery.Arrhythmia: Arrhythmia doesn’t always require treatment. Healthy lifestyle choices, such as exercising and eating a balanced diet, can help you manage your symptoms. Heart medications are also available. Surgery is reserved for more serious cases.Circulation problems: Circulation problems may improve with regular exercise, a heart-healthy diet, medications, or surgery.Excessive exercise or heat exhaustion: Drinking plenty of fluids can help when dizziness is caused by excessive exercise or heat exhaustion.Decrease in blood volume: Treatment for low blood volume focuses on restoring fluids through an intravenous (IV) line and treating underlying causes such as bleeding.Anxiety disorders: Medications and anxiety-reducing techniques, such as therapy, can help with anxiety disorders.Anemia: Iron supplements, medications, and eating a balanced diet can help treat anemia.Hypoglycemia: If you have symptoms of hypoglycemia, try drinking fruit juice or soda or taking glucose tablets. For severely low blood glucose levels, you may need an injection of the hormone glucagon. Discover other emergency treatments for hypoglycemia.Carbon monoxide poisoning: This condition requires immediate medical care. It may be treated with oxygen, a ventilator, and IV fluids.Motion sickness: You can try ginger candy, aromatherapy, and over-the-counter (OTC) medications such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl) for motion sickness. Learn more about remedies for motion sickness.Multiple sclerosis (MS): This condition currently has no cure, but physical therapy and medications may help with symptoms.Parkinson’s disease: Medications, surgery, and exercises may improve Parkinson’s disease symptoms, though there is no cure at the moment.Infections: Treatment will depend on the cause of the infection but will likely include hydration and rest. COVID-19: Staying hydrated, resting, and doing balance exercises may help with dizziness that persists after a COVID-19 infection. If your symptoms get worse, it’s important to have a doctor check for other underlying conditions.Other viral infections: Hydration and rest are key to recovery. Antiviral medications are also available to help you manage conditions such as the flu. OTC medications such as decongestants and pain relievers can help treat a cold. Ear infection: An ear infection may get better with rest and drinking fluids, or it may be treated with antibiotics.Labyrinthitis and vestibular neuritis: Treatment often includes medications such as antidizziness medications, antihistamines, and antibiotics.Stroke: You need emergency medical care for a stroke, which may include medications as well as surgery to repair and prevent internal bleeding.Malignant tumor: Treatment may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or other medications.Brain disorders: Treatments will vary depending on the disorder. Possible treatments include pain relievers, physical therapy, speech therapy, and surgery.Diagnosing the causes of dizzinessA doctor can narrow down the cause of your dizziness by performing a physical examination. They’ll ask you questions about your dizziness, including:when it occursthe situations where it occurshow severe your symptoms arewhich other symptoms occur with the dizzinessA doctor may also:check your eyes and earsperform a neurological examobserve your postureIf the doctor suspects certain causes, including carbon monoxide poisoning, heart conditions, or a stroke, they may recommend a CT scan, an MRI, or another imaging test. You may also need additional tests.In some cases, a doctor can’t determine the cause of dizziness.Balance testsA doctor or specialist may perform tests to check your balance. These tests look for problems with your inner ear that may affect your balance or cause dizziness.They include:computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) test, where you try to maintain your balance while standing on a moving platformRomberg test, which measures how well you keep your balance when standing with your eyes closed for 1 minuteelectronystagmography (ENG) test, which involves a doctor placing sensors around your eyes and measuring your eye movementsvideonystagmography (VNG) test, in which you’ll wear goggles and view light patterns so a doctor can measure your eye movementsrotary test, where goggles record your eye movements while you sit in a rotating, motorized chairTests for vertigoIf you have vertigo, the doctor may perform the following tests:Dix-Hallpike maneuver, which involves turning your head and then switching quickly between lying down and sitting up so a doctor can check if you experience vertigovestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) test, in which a doctor looks for problems in your inner ear by playing sounds into earphones while you move your head and eyesvideo head impulse test, which records your eye movements as you try to keep your eyes on a target while moving your headHearing testsHearing tests may also be performed for dizziness and balance issues. These tests may include:otoacoustic emissions test, in which a small earphone plays sounds in your ear and a doctor measures the echoes that come back from your inner eartympanometry, in which a doctor blows air into your ear to evaluate the movement of your eardrumelectrocochleography, which tests the electrical activity of the cochlea (a hollow bone in the inner ear) using an electrode placed in the earElectrocochleography can help diagnose Meniere’s disease.Cardiac testsTests that can help a doctor diagnose cardiac causes of dizziness include the:electrocardiogram (EKG), which they use to measure your heart’s electrical activityechocardiogram, which is a type of ultrasound that reveals how well your heart worksstress test, where a doctor monitors your heart as you use a treadmill or perform another type of exerciseTips for managing dizzinessFollow these tips if you have recurrent bouts of dizziness:Sit or lie down immediately when you feel dizzy and rest until the dizziness goes away. This can prevent you from possibly losing your balance, which may lead to falling and serious injury.Use a cane or walker for stability, if necessary.Always use handrails when walking up or down stairs.Try activities that can help improve your balance, such as yoga and tai chi.Avoid moving or switching positions suddenly.Avoid driving a car or operating heavy machinery if you frequently experience dizziness without warning.Avoid caffeine, alcohol, and tobacco. Using these substances may trigger dizziness or make it worse.Drink plenty of water and get sufficient sleep. Avoiding stressful situations may also be helpful.If you suspect a medication is causing your dizziness, talk with your doctor about lowering the dose or switching to another medication.Take an OTC medication such as meclizine (Antivert, Bonine) if you experience nausea along with dizziness. These medications may cause drowsiness, so do not use them when you need to be active or productive.Rest in a cool place and drink water if your dizziness is caused by overheating or dehydration.Always speak with a doctor if you’re concerned about the frequency or severity of your dizziness.TakeawayMost cases of dizziness clear up on their own once you treat the underlying cause. In rare cases, dizziness can be a symptom of a more serious health problem.Dizziness may result in complications related to fainting or a loss of balance. This can be especially dangerous when you’re driving, operating heavy machinery, or climbing a ladder.Use caution if you feel an episode of dizziness coming on. If you become dizzy, stop driving immediately or find a safe place to steady yourself until the feeling passes. Last medically reviewed on August 10, 2022How we reviewed this article:SourcesHistoryHealthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. We avoid using tertiary references. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.Balance tests. (2021).https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/balance-testsCarbon monoxide poisoning: Frequently asked questions. (2021).https://www.cdc.gov/co/faqs.htmCauses of dizziness. (n.d.).https://vestibular.org/article/what-is-vestibular/causes-of-dizzinessClinical guidance for carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. (2020).https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/co_guidance.htmlDizziness. (n.d.).https://www.yourcovidrecovery.nhs.uk/covid-in-the-last-4-weeks/effects-on-your-body/dizzinessDizziness. (2020).https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dizzinessDizziness and balance. (n.d.).https://www.asha.org/public/hearing/dizziness-and-balanceDizziness and vertigo. (2016).https://medlineplus.gov/dizzinessandvertigo.htmlDorbeau C, et al. (2021). Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1879729621000144Forbes J. (2022). Romberg test.https://www.statpearls.com/ArticleLibrary/viewarticle/28638Karceski S. (2015). Dizziness as a sign of stroke: About stroke.https://n.neurology.org/content/85/21/e158Labyrinthitis and vestibular neuritis. (2014).https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/labyrinthitis-and-vestibular-neuritisLow blood pressure. (2022).https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/low-blood-pressureMénière's disease. (2017).https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/menieres-diseaseMotion sickness. (2022).https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/motion-sicknessMultiple sclerosis. (2022).https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/multiple-sclerosisMuncie HL, et al. (2017). Dizziness: Approach to evaluation and management.https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2017/0201/p154.htmlNon-invasive tests and procedures. (2015).https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-attack/diagnosing-a-heart-attack/noninvasive-tests-and-proceduresOrthostatic hypotension. (2021).https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/orthostatic-hypotensionOtoacoustic emissions (OAEs). (n.d.).https://www.asha.org/public/hearing/otoacoustic-emissionsPackendorff N, et al. (2021). Outcome among patients who call the emergency medical service (EMS) due to dizziness.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588994X20300592Stanton M. (2022). Vertigo.https://www.statpearls.com/ArticleLibrary/viewarticle/31130Tests of the middle ear. (n.d.).https://www.asha.org/public/hearing/tests-of-the-middle-earVertigo and dizziness. (n.d.).https://www.parkinson.org/Understanding-Parkinsons/Symptoms/Non-Movement-Symptoms/Vertigo-Dizziness-ParkinsonsOur experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available.Current VersionAug 10, 2022Written ByAmber Erickson Gabbey, Erika KleinEdited ByJohn BasshamMedically Reviewed BySeunggu Han, MDCopy Edited ByCopy EditorsJul 31, 2022Written ByAmber Erickson Gabbey, Erika KleinEdited ByAshley WilliamsMedically Reviewed ByAvi Varma, MD, MPH, AAHIVS, FAAFPCopy Edited ByCopy EditorsVIEW ALL HISTORY Share this articleMedically reviewed by Seunggu Han, M.D. — By Amber Erickson Gabbey and Erika Klein — Updated on August 10, 2022Read this next12 Reasons You're Feeling Dizziness, Ringing in Your Ears, or Pressure in Your HeadMedically reviewed by Angelica Balingit, MDLearn 12 causes of ringing in ears, dizziness, and pressure in head as well as what to do next and whether you can treat at home or require medical…READ MOREWhat Causes Sudden Dizziness and Nausea?Medically reviewed by Angelica Balingit, MDSudden dizzy spells are often caused by problems related to your inner ears, such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo or Meniere’s disease. READ MORETreatments for DizzinessMedically reviewed by Nancy Hammond, M.D.Feeling dizzy? Read on to learn about how to get rid of dizziness and what may be causing it. Some quick remedies to try at home include staying…READ MOREWhat Causes Dizziness After A Workout?Medically reviewed by Sachin S. Kapur, MD, MSIf a recent sweat sesh has left you reeling, it’s normal to be concerned. Post-workout dizziness has several possible causes, and it usually isn't a…READ MOREUnderstanding Cancer Dizziness and FatigueFatigue and dizziness are two symptoms that may happen with cancer. They often occur due to the effects of the cancer itself or due to side effects of…READ MOREWhat to Do About Random Dizzy Spells During the DayMedically reviewed by Avi Varma, MD, MPH, AAHIVS, FAAFPSudden feelings of dizziness can be unsettling and disruptive. This is what you can do if you experience a random dizzy spell during the day or night.READ MOREWhy Do Hot Showers Make Me Dizzy?Prolonged exposure to heat or steam can trigger a range of symptoms. Learn how dizziness and hot showers are related.READ MOREWhat To Do About Dizziness After An Elevator Ride?Dizziness after an elevator ride can be linked to motion sickness, vertigo, anxiety, and other conditions. You can manage this sensation by trying a…READ MOREWhat to Do If You Get Dizzy After a Long Drive?You can experience dizziness anytime, even while driving. You can try different ways to possibly help stop any post-driving dizziness.READ MOREAbout UsContact UsPrivacy PolicyPrivacy SettingsAdvertising PolicyHealth TopicsMedical AffairsContent IntegrityNewsletters© 2024 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. 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Why am I dizzy? 10 causes

Why am I dizzy? 10 causes

Health ConditionsHealth ConditionsAlzheimer's & DementiaAnxietyAsthma & AllergiesAtopic DermatitisBreast CancerCancerCardiovascular HealthCOVID-19DiabetesEnvironment & SustainabilityExercise & FitnessEye HealthHeadache & MigraineHealth EquityHIV & AIDSHuman BiologyLeukemiaLGBTQIA+Men's HealthMental HealthMultiple Sclerosis (MS)NutritionParkinson's DiseasePsoriasisPsoriatic ArthritisSexual HealthUlcerative ColitisWomen's HealthHealth ProductsHealth ProductsNutrition & FitnessVitamins & SupplementsCBDSleepMental HealthAt-Home TestingMen’s HealthWomen’s HealthDiscoverNewsLatest NewsOriginal SeriesMedical MythsHonest NutritionThrough My EyesNew Normal HealthPodcasts2023 in medicineWhy exercise is key to living a long and healthy lifeWhat do we know about the gut microbiome in IBD?My podcast changed meCan 'biological race' explain disparities in health?Why Parkinson's research is zooming in on the gutToolsGeneral HealthDrugs A-ZHealth HubsHealth ToolsFind a DoctorBMI Calculators and ChartsBlood Pressure Chart: Ranges and GuideBreast Cancer: Self-Examination GuideSleep CalculatorQuizzesRA Myths vs FactsType 2 Diabetes: Managing Blood SugarAnkylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or FictionConnectAbout Medical News TodayWho We AreOur Editorial ProcessContent IntegrityConscious LanguageNewslettersSign UpFollow UsMedical News TodayHealth ConditionsHealth ProductsDiscoverToolsConnectSubscribeWhat causes dizziness?Medically reviewed by Seunggu Han, M.D. — By Jamie Eske on May 23, 2019VertigoMotion sicknessMigraineLow blood pressureCardiovascular diseaseLow ironHypoglycemiaAutoimmune inner ear diseaseStressAnxietyWhen to see a doctorTakeawayDizziness has many possible causes, which may relate to a person’s external environment, the medications they take, or an underlying condition.Dizziness refers to a range of sensations, such as feeling as though the room is spinning, lightheadedness, and feeling physically unsteady.Recurring dizziness or severe dizzy spells can significantly interfere with a person’s life. It rarely indicates a medical emergency, however. People can experience dizziness after:spinning around quicklystanding or sitting up too fastengaging in high-intensity exerciseUsually, people will be able to identify the cause of their dizziness. However, this symptom may occur unexpectedly or without any clear reason.The causes of dizziness can range from temporary physical changes to more serious underlying medical conditions, some of which we will detail below.1. VertigoShare on PinterestVertigo or a migraine can cause dizziness.Many people use the terms “vertigo” and “dizziness” interchangeably.Although these conditions create similar sensations, they are slightly different.When someone feels dizzy, they can feel woozy or disoriented. Vertigo, on the other hand, refers to the artificial sensation of movement. Vertigo can cause people to feel as though the environment around them is spinning or tilting.Vertigo occurs due to the development of problems in the inner ear. Causes of vertigo can include:Benign paroxysmal positional vertigoBenign paroxysmal positional vertigo develops when calcium carbonate particles collect in the inner ear canals.These canals send information about the body’s position and movements to the brain, but the presence of the calcium particles causes the brain to misread the information.Ménière’s diseaseThis inner ear condition has no known cause, but some scientists believe that it can occur when fluid builds up in the ear canals.Ménière’s disease can develop suddenly and without any apparent cause. It can give rise to vertigo, a ringing or roaring sound in the ears, and hearing loss.LabyrinthitisInfections can cause inflammation in the inner ear, or labyrinth. Labyrinthitis tends to develop after a viral infection, such as a cold or flu.Antiviral and antihistamine medications can effectively treat labyrinthitis. However, parts of the inner ear may sustain permanent damage as a result of this condition.2. Motion sicknessRepetitive motion from being in a vehicle, such as a car, airplane, or boat, can disrupt the structures of the inner ear, causing dizziness, nausea, and vomiting. People call this “motion sickness” or “seasickness.”Being pregnant or taking certain medications can increase a person’s sensitivity to motion and increase their risk of experiencing motion sickness. The symptoms of motion sickness usually subside away once the person sets foot on solid ground.3. MigraineA migraine is a type of recurring headache that can cause a throbbing or pulsing pain on one side of the head. The American Migraine Foundation estimate that 30–50% of people will experience dizziness during a migraine episode.Sometimes, people experience dizziness before the onset of a migraine episode. Other neurologic symptoms, or auras, can precede the pain of a migraine headache. Auras can affect a person’s vision, speech, and motor control.4. Low blood pressureA sharp drop in blood pressure can cause a brief sensation of lightheadedness. Blood pressure changes can occur after sitting or standing up too quickly.Other conditions that can cause blood pressure changes include:dehydrationblood losssevere allergic reaction, or anaphylaxispregnancyTaking certain medications, such as diuretics, beta-blockers, or antidepressants, can also cause changes in blood pressure.5. Cardiovascular diseaseConditions that affect the cardiovascular system, such as the buildup of plaque in the arteries and congestive heart failure, can cause dizziness. People may experience dizziness or feel lightheaded before or after a heart attack or stroke.If a person has cardiovascular disease, they will likely experience other signs and symptoms, including:irregular heartbeatshortness of breathdiscomfort or tightness in the chesta persistent coughexcess fluid in the arms, legs, or feetfatiguenausea, vomiting, or both6. Low ironShare on PinterestEating a diet rich in iron can reduce the symptoms of anemia.Iron deficiency can result in a condition called anemia, in which the body does not have enough oxygen-rich blood.Anemia can cause the following symptoms:dizzinessshortness of breathchest painfatigueMaking appropriate dietary changes and taking iron supplements can help treat mild forms of iron-deficiency anemia. People who have a severe iron deficiency may require a blood transfusion.7. Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)Hypoglycemia occurs when blood glucose, or blood sugar, falls below the normal levels. Causes of hypoglycemia include:skipping mealsconsuming alcoholtaking certain medications, such as insulin or aspirinhaving hormonal imbalancesSymptoms of hypoglycemia can appear suddenly and vary in severity. A few of these symptoms include:dizziness or lightheadednessloss of balancefatigueheadachehungermood changesdifficulty concentratingirregular heartbeat8. Autoimmune inner ear diseaseAutoimmune inner ear disease (AIED) refers to any condition wherein the immune system mistakenly attacks the inner ear. AIED can cause hearing loss in one or both ears.Other symptoms of AIED include:dizzinesstinnitus, or ringing in the earsloss of balance or coordinationAIED causes nonspecific symptoms that are similar to those of an ear infection. For doctors to accurately diagnose AIED, they need to take a full medical history, perform a physical examination, and track any additional symptoms.People who have AIED may develop another autoimmune disease that affects the entire body.9. StressShare on PinterestStress and anxiety are common symptoms of dizziness.Long-term or chronic stress may contribute to the development of significant health problems, such as depression, anxiety, heart disease, diabetes, or immune dysfunction.During the stress response, the brain releases hormones that affect the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.These hormones narrow the blood vessels, raise the heart rate, and cause rapid, shallow breathing. These responses can lead to dizziness or lightheadedness.Other symptoms of stress include:sweatingtrembling or shakingheadacheschest painrapid heartbeatdifficulty sleepingdifficulty concentratingnausea10. AnxietyDizziness is a common symptom of anxiety. However, the exact relationship between the two varies among people.Some people may experience anxiety attacks that trigger dizziness, while others might have a sudden onset of dizziness that triggers an anxiety attack.Stressful events, such as an exam or a challenging emotional situation, can trigger anxiety attacks. People may feel dizzy, disoriented, and nauseous during an anxiety attack.Other symptoms of anxiety include:worryrestlessness or fidgetingdifficulty concentratingsleep problemsmood changesirritabilityrapid heart rateheadachesweatingdry mouthWhen to see a doctorDizziness may indicate a more serious underlying medical condition when it occurs alongside symptoms such as:double visionvomitingfevernumbnessdifficulty moving or controlling the arms or legsheadachechest painloss of consciousnessTakeawayExperiencing an episode of sudden or severe dizziness can be alarming. However, the dizziness usually resolves on its own and does not require emergency medical attention.Dizziness is a nonspecific symptom that can indicate an underlying medical condition, such as anxiety, stress, or low blood sugar.People should speak with their healthcare provider if they experience severe or recurring dizziness. Last medically reviewed on May 23, 2019Blood / HematologyCardiovascular / CardiologyEar, Nose, and ThroatHeadache / MigraineHow we reviewed this article:SourcesMedical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We avoid using tertiary references. We link primary sources — including studies, scientific references, and statistics — within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.5 things everyone should know about stress. (n.d.).https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/stress/5thingsshldknowaboutstress-508-03132017_142898.pdfAnemia. (n.d.).https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/anemiaAnxiety disorders. (2018).https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/anxiety-disorders/index.shtmlRoh, K. J., et al. (2018). Role of emotional distress in prolongation of dizziness: A cross-sectional study. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5784367/Tepper, D. (n.d.). Migraine associated vertigo.https://americanmigrainefoundation.org/resource-library/migraine-associated-vertigo/Share this articleMedically reviewed by Seunggu Han, M.D. — By Jamie Eske on May 23, 2019Latest newsPVC, other microplastics found in clogged arteriesA natural compound derived from broccoli may help prevent and treat strokeA 'DNA diet' may help reduce type 2 diabetes risk, new study arguesCould an intervention as simple as eye drops treat eye damage in diabetes?How and why does gut health influence heart health?Related CoverageWhat causes dizziness when lying down?Medically reviewed by Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COIDizziness while lying down, or benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, has many causes, including head injuries, diabetes, and migraines. Treatment…READ MOREWhat causes dizziness and vomiting?Medically reviewed by Sachin S. Kapur, MD, MSVomiting and dizziness are not pleasant but often go away on their own. However, it is vital to be aware of causes that warrant medical attention…READ MORELoss of balance: Everything you need to knowMedically reviewed by William Morrison, M.D.Many different conditions can cause a loss of balance, including inner ear infections and Ménière’s disease. Some medications can also contribute…READ MOREWhy do I feel both tired and dizzy?Medically reviewed by Daniel Murrell, M.D.Several conditions can cause both fatigue and dizziness. We take a look at five, and discuss other symptoms and treatments for each condition.READ MOREAbout UsContact UsTerms of UsePrivacy PolicyPrivacy SettingsAdvertising PolicyHealth TopicsHealth HubsMedical AffairsContent IntegrityNewsletters© 2024 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK. All rights reserved. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. See additional information.© 2024 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK. All rights reserved. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. See additional information.AboutCareersAdvertise with usOUR BRANDSHealthlineMedical News TodayGreatistPsych CentralBezzy

I'm Dizzy. What Should I Do?

I'm Dizzy. What Should I Do?

Skip to main content Home Conditions Back Conditions View All ADD/ADHDAllergiesArthritisAtrial fibrillationBreast CancerCancerCrohn's DiseaseDepressionDiabetesDVTEczemaEye HealthHeart DiseaseHIV & AIDSLung DiseaseLupusMental HealthMultiple SclerosisMigrainePain ManagementPsoriasisPsoriatic ArthritisRheumatoid ArthritisSexual ConditionsSkin ProblemsSleep DisordersUlcerative Colitis View All Drugs & Supplements Back Drugs & SupplementsDrugsSupplementsPill IdentifierInteraction CheckerWell-Being Back Well-Being View All Aging WellBabyBirth ControlChildren's HealthDiet & Weight ManagementFitness & ExerciseFood & RecipesHealthy BeautyMen's HealthParentingPet HealthPregnancySex & RelationshipsTeen HealthWomen's Health View All Symptom CheckerFind a DoctorMore Back MoreNewsBlogsPodcastsWebinarsNewslettersWebMD MagazineBest HospitalsSupport GroupsOrthopedics Privacy & More Subscribe Log In Search Subscribe Brain & Nervous SystemReferenceI'm Dizzy. What Should I Do?Medically Reviewed by Dany Paul Baby, MD on April 25, 2023 Written by WebMD Editorial Contributors Tips for Handling a Dizzy SpellWhen Should I Call a Doctor?Causes of Dizziness Dizziness and NauseaWho Is More Likely To Get Dizzy?Complications7 min read Dizziness is a common problem and usually isn’t serious. During a spell of dizziness, you may feel as though you’re spinning or moving when you’re not (that’s called vertigo). You may also feel:Lightheaded or faintUnsteady on your feetWoozy, as though your head is heavy or floatingDizzy spells are different from the sudden start of dizziness, which could be a sign of stroke. Go to the ER right away. 

If you have nausea along with dizziness, it could be due to problems like vertigo, migraine, or low blood pressure. (Photo credit: iStock/Getty Images)

Tips for Handling a Dizzy SpellIf you feel dizzy, sit or lie down at once. This will lower your chance of falling down. If you have vertigo, it may help to lie down in a dark, quiet place with your eyes closed.Drinking water may also give you fast relief, especially if you’re dizzy because you’re dehydrated.If you’ve had a series of dizzy spells, there are things you can do to make yourself safer. Here are some of them:Remove tripping hazards in your home, such as rugs on the floor, so that you’re less likely to fall.Avoid alcohol, caffeine and tobacco, which can make symptoms worse.Drink enough fluids and get plenty of sleep.Be aware of things that trigger your dizziness, such as lights, noise, and fast movement, and try to be around them less or move more slowly.When Should I Call a Doctor?If you’ve had many bouts of dizziness or spells that last a long time, make an appointment with your doctor.You should seek help right away if you’re dizzy and also have:Chest pain or shortness of breathA severe headacheA sudden change in your vision or hearing, or trouble speakingNumbness or weaknessA head injuryA high feverStiffness in your neckCauses of Dizziness Keeping you upright and balanced is not an easy job for the brain. It needs input from several systems to do that.Your doctor may ask you some questions to help narrow down the cause of your problem: What were you doing before your dizziness? What did you feel like during your spell? How long did it last? Your dizziness might be the result of a circulatory problem. These can include:A sudden drop in blood pressure. This can happen after you sit up or stand too quickly. You might hear your doctor or nurse call this “orthostatic hypotension.”Poor blood circulation. This could be the result of an irregular heartbeat or a heart attack. It could also be a brief disruption of the blood flow to your brain; that’s called a “transient ischemic attack," or stroke. Issues with your inner ear can also cause dizziness. Among them are:Meniere’s syndrome. This usually affects only one ear. Symptoms other than dizziness may include ringing in your ear, muffled hearing, nausea, or vomiting.Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. This is a spinning sensation brought on by moving your head.Ear infection. That can cause dizziness. Also, you could have something trapped in your ear canal.Some other causes of dizziness include:Medicines, such as antidepressants, anti-seizure drugs, tranquilizers, and sedatives. If you take medication for high blood pressure, it might lower your blood pressure too much, leaving you feeling faint.Anxiety disorders. These include panic attacks.Low iron levels in your blood. This is also called anemia. Other signs that you are anemic include fatigue, pale skin, and weakness.Low blood sugar. This is also called hypoglycemia. This may be a problem if you are diabetic and use insulin. Other symptoms include sweating and anxiety.Dizziness and NauseaIf you get nausea along with it, it could be due to problems like vertigo, migraine, or low blood pressure.Usually, dizziness with nausea isn't serious. But if you have these symptoms and you don't know what caused them, or they happen often, tell your doctor.Vertigo. It's the feeling that you're spinning or moving when you're still. A problem with the part of your inner ear that keeps your body balanced causes this symptom.If you have vertigo, you might also have trouble keeping your balance and throw up. Vertigo sometimes goes away on its own. If not, your doctor will treat the cause of the problem. Some medicines can ease your dizziness. So can an exercise called the Epley maneuver, which involves moving your head into a different position. If your dizziness is severe, call your doctor. You should also see them if you:Have an intense headache, chest pain, trouble breathing, fast heartbeat, or double visionLose feeling in your arms or legsGet confusedHave trouble walkingCan't stop throwing upHave seizuresHave a fever Alcohol Use. Drinking too much can lead to a bad case of the spins. The reason you feel dizzy is that alcohol thins your blood, which changes the balance of fluid in your inner ear. And the dizziness can make you feel nauseated. The alcohol can also irritate your stomach, which adds to the nausea.If you've had too much to drink, you might also have:Slurred speechA red faceDouble visionSleepinessSlowed reflexesTo avoid these problems, limit how much alcohol you drink. If you want to stop drinking but can't, get help from your doctor or a program like Alcoholics Anonymous.Get medical help right away if you (or someone you're with) have symptoms like these after drinking alcohol:Trouble staying awakeSlow breathingCold, clammy, pale skinConfusionSeizuresThrowing up over and over againMotion Sickness. This is dizziness and nausea when you ride in a car, train, airplane, boat, or amusement park ride. Some people get it just from watching TV or a movie. The feeling happens when there is a conflict between what you see and how your body senses movement. Motion sickness can cause:Throwing upPale skinSweatingHeadacheCrankinessTo prevent motion sickness, ask your doctor to suggest medicines that you can take before you travel by plane, car, or boat. Don't eat a big meal before you go, and drink lots of water along the way. Sit next to a window and look out into the distance.Pregnancy. Morning sickness and dizziness are common early signs of pregnancy. Both symptoms are likely due to hormone changes.Other signs that you're pregnant are:Missed periodsTirednessSore and swollen breastsPeeing more often than usualFood cravingsHeadachesCall your doctor if you get these signs of severe nausea (hyperemesis gravidarum):Throwing up more than three or four times a day, or you can't keep any food downHaving a dry mouth and you don't pee muchLosing more than 5 poundsBelly or pelvic pain and crampingA fever Throwing up too much can dehydrate you. You may need to get fluids through an IV in a hospital. Anxiety Attack. This can happen when you're faced with extreme stress and your body goes into fight-or-flight mode. The cause is emotional, but the symptoms are physical.Along with dizziness and nausea, a panic attack can cause you to have:A fast heartbeatShortness of breathShakingTightness in your chestFeeling hot or coldSweatingYour panic attack should stop on its own. If you get them often, talk therapy and medication may help. An anxiety attack can feel like a heart attack. Sometimes it's hard to tell the difference.Call your doctor or 911 if you:Suddenly feel anxious for no reasonStill have symptoms after a few minutesAlso have chest pain or can't catch your breathLow Blood Sugar. Sugar (glucose) is your body's main source of fuel. When your blood sugar dips too low, you feel shaky, dizzy, and nauseated. Low blood sugar, or hypoglycemia, is common in people who take medicine for diabetes.Other symptoms of low blood sugar are:SweatingShakingPale skinA headacheCrankiness or confusion Eat fast-acting carbs like these to raise your blood sugar:Fruit juiceSodaHoneyHard candy, such as suckers or jelly beansOnce your blood sugar comes back up, eat a snack or a meal to keep it stable.Call your doctor or 911 if your blood sugar doesn't go up after you eat something sweet.Migraine. This type of headache causes severe and throbbing pain, often on one side of your head. You may feel dizzy or nauseated when you get one of these headaches.Other symptoms you might have with a migraine are:Spots or flashes of light called auraFeeling sensitive to light, sound, and smellsBlurred visionYour doctor can suggest medicines to prevent and treat migraine headaches.Get medical help right away if:Your pain is intense, or it feels like the worst headache of your lifeYou have a stiff neck, fever, seizures, double vision, weakness, or trouble speakingThe headache started after a head injury, or when you coughed, sneezed, or strained Heart Attack. This can happen when a clot blocks blood flow to your heart. The lack of oxygen- and nutrient-rich blood can damage your heart muscle. Dizziness and nausea can be symptoms.This is a medical emergency that needs fast treatment. Call 911 or go to an emergency room right away if you have symptoms like:Pain, tightness, or pressure in your chest that may spread to your neck, jaw, or armsShortness of breathA cold sweatFatigueDoctors treat a heart attack with medicines that break up blood clots and stop new ones from forming. Surgery may be needed to clear or bypass the blockage.Brain Tumor. It's rare, but dizziness and nausea may be signs of a brain tumor. Other symptoms are:Severe headachesSeizuresChanges in your vision, hearing, or sense of smellPersonality changesLoss of balanceTreatment depends on the size and type of your tumor. Surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are all possible treatments.Who Is More Likely To Get Dizzy?The older you are, the greater your chance for problems with dizziness. As you age, you’re also more likely to take medications that have it as a possible side effect.If you’ve had a dizzy spell in the past, your odds of having a problem again are increased.ComplicationsThe most serious complication with dizziness is falling. It may also be unsafe for you to drive or do other tasks. If your dizziness is caused by another health problem, you may face other problems if that condition goes untreated. Sources Update History ShareSOURCES:National Health Service (U.K.): “Health A-Z – Dizziness.”Cleveland Clinic: “Diseases and Conditions – Dizziness.”Mayo Clinic: “Diseases and Conditions – Dizziness.”Vestibular Disorders Association: “The Human Balance System.”National Stroke Association: “Transient Ischemic Attack.”American Speech-Language-Hearing Association: “Dizziness and Vertigo.”Vestibular Disorders Association: “Causes of Dizziness.”How we keep our content up to date:Our medical and editorial staff closely follow the health news cycle, new research, drug approvals, clinical practice guidelines and other developments to ensure our content receives appropriate and timely updates. April 25, 2023Medically Reviewed by: Dany P. 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Key facts

Dizziness can describe a range of feelings, such as being unsteady, woozy, weak or faint.

You can manage dizziness by resting well and drinking enough water.

Dizziness can be caused by many different things, including heart problems.

If you have other symptoms while feeling dizzy, such as numbness and pain, get medical help.

On this page

What is dizziness?

What are the symptoms of dizziness?

What causes dizziness?

When should I see my doctor?

How is dizziness diagnosed?

How is dizziness treated?

Can dizziness be prevented?

Complications of dizziness

Resources and support

Related information on Australian websites

What is dizziness?

Dizziness is a term that can be used to describe a range of feelings, such as feeling:

unsteady

woozy

weak

faint

Most people have felt dizzy from time to time. It is rarely a sign of a serious problem. There are ways to relieve dizziness.

What are the symptoms of dizziness?

If you are feeling dizzy, or experiencing a ‘dizzy spell’, you may feel:

lightheaded

unsteady

unbalanced

weak

like you’re going to faint

Dizziness that feels like the world is spinning or moving is called vertigo.

CHECK YOUR SYMPTOMS — Use the Symptom Checker and find out if you need to seek medical help.

What causes dizziness?

Dizziness is common in adults, and is rarely a sign of a serious condition. Dizziness has many possible causes, including:

low blood pressure

migraine

stress or anxiety

low blood sugar

dehydration or heat exhaustion

motion or travel sickness

anaemia

Dizziness can also be caused by conditions such as:

brain and nerve-related disorders

conditions that affect your ears, such as Meniere’s disease and labyrinthitis

problems with your eyes

problems with your heart

Some medicines and alcohol can also make you feel dizzy.

Feeling dizzy and faint can also happen when blood flow to your brain is reduced. This can happen when you:

are dehydrated

have high levels of pain

stand up and have a fall in blood pressure

look at things you find unpleasant, such as the sight of blood

stand up for long periods of time

strain on the toilet

When should I see my doctor?

You should seek immediate medical attention if you feel dizzy and also have:

pain, pressure, heaviness or tightness in the chest, shoulders, neck, arms, jaw, or back

nausea or cold sweats

shortness of breath

numbness or weakness in your face, arm or leg

trouble talking, understanding or swallowing

vision changes in one or both eyes

confusion or become unconscious

Call triple zero (000) for an ambulance if you have any of the above symptoms.

See your doctor if:

you have an unexplained fall

you are worried by your dizziness

your dizziness is sudden, severe, or keeps happening

FIND A HEALTH SERVICE — The Service Finder can help you find doctors, pharmacies, hospitals and other health services.

ASK YOUR DOCTOR — Preparing for an appointment? Use the Question Builder for general tips on what to ask your GP or specialist.

How is dizziness diagnosed?

Your doctor will examine you. They will ask you about your symptoms and any medicines you are taking. If needed, they can refer you for tests.

They can also refer you to a specialist if needed, such as a:

neurologist

physiotherapist

How is dizziness treated?

Dizziness often gets better without treatment. If you need treatment, it will depend on what is causing your dizziness.

Even if a cause can’t be found, there are ways to treat dizziness, such as:

medicines

balance exercises

Managing dizziness

If you are feeling dizzy or light-headed, there are some ways to help manage your symptoms.

When you feel dizzy, stop what you are doing and sit down until it passes. You can also lie down flat.

Can dizziness be prevented?

Preventing dizziness often depends on the cause of your dizziness. However, there are some things you can try:

Make sure to drink enough water.

Rest as much as possible.

Change positions slowly, especially when you are standing up after lying down. Try to sit for a couple of minutes before standing up.

Avoid sudden, fast movements of the head, such as looking up or around too quickly.

Complications of dizziness

If you feel dizzy or faint, you are at risk of falling and injuring yourself. You can:

hold onto the railing when going up and down stairs

consider using a walking aid

avoid driving or operating dangerous equipment or machinery while you feel dizzy to protect yourself and others

Resources and support

You can call the healthdirect helpline on 1800 022 222 (known as NURSE-ON-CALL in Victoria). A registered nurse is available to speak with 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

Sources:

SA Health

(Dizziness and balance),

St John Ambulance

(Vertigo),

Multiple Sclerosis

(Dizziness and Vertigo),

Royal Victorian Eye & Ear Hospital

(Dizziness and balance disorders)

Learn more here about the development and quality assurance of healthdirect content.

Last reviewed: November 2023

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Dizziness - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic

Dizziness - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic

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DiagnosisIf your doctor suspects you are having or may have had a stroke, are older or suffered a blow to the head, he or she may immediately order an MRI or CT scan.

Most people visiting their doctor because of dizziness will first be asked about their symptoms and medications and then be given a physical examination. During this exam, your doctor will check how you walk and maintain your balance and how the major nerves of your central nervous system are working.

You may also need a hearing test and balance tests, including:

Eye movement testing. Your doctor may watch the path of your eyes when you track a moving object. And you may be given an eye motion test in which water or air is placed in your ear canal.

Head movement testing. If your doctor suspects your vertigo is caused by benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, he or she may do a simple head movement test called the Dix-Hallpike maneuver to verify the diagnosis.

Posturography. This test tells your doctor which parts of the balance system you rely on the most and which parts may be giving you problems. You stand in your bare feet on a platform and try to keep your balance under various conditions.

Rotary chair testing. During this test you sit in a computer-controlled chair that moves very slowly in a full circle. At faster speeds, it moves back and forth in a very small arc.

In addition, you may be given blood tests to check for infection and other tests to check heart and blood vessel health.More InformationMRI

TreatmentDizziness often gets better without treatment. Within a couple of weeks, the body usually adapts to whatever is causing it.

If you seek treatment, your doctor will base it on the cause of your condition and your symptoms. It may include medications and balance exercises. Even if no cause is found or if your dizziness persists, prescription drugs and other treatments may make your symptoms more manageable.

Medications

Water pills. If you have Meniere's disease, your doctor may prescribe a water pill (diuretic). This along with a low-salt diet may help reduce how often you have dizziness episodes.

Medications that relieve dizziness and nausea. Your doctor may prescribe drugs to provide immediate relief from vertigo, dizziness and nausea, including prescription antihistamines and anticholinergics. Many of these drugs cause drowsiness.

Anti-anxiety medications. Diazepam (Valium) and alprazolam (Xanax) are in a class of drugs called benzodiazepines, which may cause addiction. They may also cause drowsiness.

Preventive medicine for migraine. Certain medicines may help prevent migraine attacks.

Therapy

Head position maneuvers. A technique called canalith repositioning (or Epley maneuver) usually helps resolve benign paroxysmal positional vertigo more quickly than simply waiting for your dizziness to go away. It can be done by your doctor, an audiologist or a physical therapist and involves maneuvering the position of your head. It's usually effective after one or two treatments. Before undergoing this procedure, tell your care provider if you have a neck or back condition, a detached retina, or blood vessel problems.

Balance therapy. You may learn specific exercises to help make your balance system less sensitive to motion. This physical therapy technique is called vestibular rehabilitation. It is used for people with dizziness from inner ear conditions such as vestibular neuritis.

Psychotherapy. This type of therapy may help people whose dizziness is caused by anxiety disorders.

Surgical or other procedures

Injections. Your doctor may inject your inner ear with the antibiotic gentamicin to disable the balance function. The unaffected ear takes over that function.

Removal of the inner ear sense organ. A procedure that's rarely used is called labyrinthectomy. It disables the vestibular labyrinth in the affected ear. The other ear takes over the balance function. This technique may be used if you have serious hearing loss and your dizziness hasn't responded to other treatments.

More InformationCanalith repositioning procedurePsychotherapy

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Lifestyle and home remediesIf you tend to experience repeated episodes of dizziness, consider these tips:

Be aware of the possibility of losing your balance, which can lead to falling and serious injury.

Avoid moving suddenly and walk with a cane for stability, if needed.

Fall-proof your home by removing tripping hazards such as area rugs and exposed electrical cords. Use nonslip mats on your bath and shower floors. Use good lighting.

Sit or lie down immediately when you feel dizzy. Lie still with your eyes closed in a darkened room if you're experiencing a severe episode of vertigo.

Avoid driving a car or operating heavy machinery if you experience frequent dizziness without warning.

Avoid using caffeine, alcohol, salt and tobacco. Excessive use of these substances can worsen your signs and symptoms.

Drink enough fluids, eat a healthy diet, get enough sleep and avoid stress.

If your dizziness is caused by a medication, talk with your doctor about discontinuing it or lowering the dose.

If your dizziness comes with nausea, try an over-the-counter (nonprescription) antihistamine, such as meclizine or dimenhydrinate (Dramamine). These may cause drowsiness. Nondrowsy antihistamines aren't as effective.

If your dizziness is caused by overheating or dehydration, rest in a cool place and drink water or a sports drink (Gatorade, Powerade, others).

Preparing for your appointmentYour family doctor or primary care provider will probably be able to diagnose and treat the cause of your dizziness. He or she you may refer you to an ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialist or a doctor who specializes in the brain and nervous system (neurologist).

Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment.

What you can do

Be aware of any pre-appointment restrictions. At the time you make the appointment, be sure to ask if there's anything you need to do in advance, such as restrict your diet. If you're scheduled for vestibular testing, your doctor will provide instructions regarding any medications to withhold the night before and what to eat on the day of testing.

Be prepared to describe your dizziness in specific terms. When you have an episode of dizziness, do you feel like the room is spinning, or like you are spinning in the room? Do you feel like you might pass out? Your description of these symptoms is crucial to helping your doctor make a diagnosis.

List any other health conditions or symptoms you have, including any that may seem unrelated to your dizziness. For example, if you have felt depressed or anxious recently, this is important information for your doctor.

List key personal information, including any major stresses or recent life changes.

Make a list of all prescription and over-the-counter medications, vitamins or supplements that you're taking.

List questions to ask your doctor.

Your time with your doctor is limited, so preparing a list of questions ahead of time will help you make the most of your time together. For dizziness, some basic questions to ask your doctor include:

What's the most likely cause of my symptoms?

Are there any other possible causes for my symptoms?

What tests do you recommend?

Is this problem likely temporary or long lasting?

Is it possible my symptoms will go away without treatment?

What treatment options might help?

Do I need to follow any restrictions? For example, is it safe for me to drive?

Should I see a specialist?

Is there a generic alternative to the medicine you're prescribing?

Do you have any brochures or other printed material that I can take home with me? What websites do you recommend?

What to expect from your doctorYour doctor will likely ask you a number of questions about your dizziness, such as:

Can you describe what you felt the first time you had an episode of dizziness?

Is your dizziness continuous, or does it occur in spells or episodes?

If your dizziness occurs in episodes, how long do these episodes last?

How often do your dizziness episodes occur?

When do your dizzy spells seem to happen, and what triggers them?

Does your dizziness cause the room to spin or produce a sensation of motion?

When you feel dizzy, do you also feel faint or lightheaded?

Does your dizziness cause you to lose your balance?

Are your symptoms accompanied by a ringing or fullness in your ears (tinnitus) or trouble hearing?

Does your vision blur?

Is your dizziness made worse by moving your head?

What medications, vitamins or supplements are you taking?

What you can do in the meantimeIf you tend to feel lightheaded when you stand up, take your time making changes in posture. If you have had episodes of dizziness while driving, arrange for alternate transportation while you're waiting to see your doctor.

If your dizziness causes you to feel like you might fall, take steps to reduce your risk. Keep your home well lighted and free of hazards that might cause you to trip. Avoid area rugs and exposed electrical cords. Place furniture where you're unlikely to bump into it, and use nonslip mats in the bathtub and on shower floors.

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Show references

Walls RM, et al., eds. Dizziness and vertigo. In: Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier; 2018. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Dizziness and vertigo. Merck Manual Professional Version. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/ear-nose-and-throat-disorders/approach-to-the-patient-with-ear-problems/dizziness-and-vertigo. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Dizziness and motion sickness. American Academy of Otolaryngology — Head and Neck Surgery. https://www.entnet.org//content/dizziness-and-motion-sickness. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Flint PW, et al. Peripheral vestibular disorders. In: Cummings Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2015. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 8, 2018.

Bope ET, et al. Dizziness and vertigo. In: Conn's Current Therapy 2018. Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier; 2018. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 8, 2018.

Branch WT, et al. Approach to the patient with dizziness. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Heat injury and heat exhaustion. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00319. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Muncie HL, et al. Dizziness: Approach to evaluation and management. American Family Physician. 2017;95:154.

Moskowitz HS, et al. Meniere disease. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Migraine information page. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Migraine-Information-Page. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Shepard NT (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. June 4, 2018.

Rohren CH (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. July 4, 2018.

Important facts about falls. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/homeandrecreationalsafety/falls/adultfalls.html. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Carbon monoxide poisoning FAQs. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/co/faqs.htm. Accessed April 9, 2020.

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Dizziness: Causes & Treatment

iness: Causes & Treatment800.223.2273100 Years of Cleveland ClinicMyChartNeed Help?GivingCareersSearchClevelandClinic.orgFind A DoctorLocations & DirectionsPatients & VisitorsHealth LibraryInstitutes & DepartmentsAppointmentsHome/Health Library/Symptoms/DizzinessAdvertisementAdvertisementAdvertisementDizzinessDizziness is a common issue. If you have dizziness, you may feel woozy and disoriented. You may feel as if you’re about to lose your balance. Many things may make you dizzy, such as anxiety or a reaction to medication. But dizziness may be a symptom of an underlying medical issue. Talk to your healthcare provider if you’re having frequent or serious dizzy spells.ContentsArrow DownOverviewPossible CausesCare and TreatmentWhen to Call the DoctorAdditional Common QuestionsContentsArrow DownOverviewPossible CausesCare and TreatmentWhen to Call the DoctorAdditional Common QuestionsOverviewDizziness is feeling woozy or unsteady. Many things can make you feel dizzy. Inner ear disorders are a common cause. Inner ear disorders include inner ear infections (top right), labyrinthitis (center) and vestibular neuritis (far right).What is dizziness?Healthcare providers describe dizziness as having impaired or disturbed spatial orientation. You might describe dizziness as feeling woozy or light headed. You may feel as if you need to sit down before you fall down. Frequent or severe dizziness may affect your quality of life. People experience dizziness in different ways, including:Feeling faint.Feeling nauseous.Feeling unsteady on their feet, as if they lost their sense of balance.Feeling disoriented or confused.AdvertisementCleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. PolicyPossible CausesWhat causes dizziness?Dizziness happens when something affects your sense of balance. A stable sense of balance requires a steady flow of information from your ears, eyes, tissues and central nervous system. Your central nervous system uses this information to tell your body how to maintain balance.When something disrupts the flow, your central nervous system can process information incorrectly and you can feel unsteady and dizzy. Inner ear disorders, neurological conditions, medications and even stress may make you feel dizzy.Inner ear disordersBenign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). People with BPPV feel a spinning sensation when they move their heads.Labyrinthitis. Inflammation in your labyrinth, the inner ear system that’s responsible for hearing and balance.Vestibular neuritis. This disorder affects the vestibulocochlear nerve of your inner ear.Persistent postural perceptual dizziness (PPPD). Dizziness that’s triggered by things or activities going on around you, like being around crowds. PPPD symptoms come and go.Inner ear infections. Inflammation in your inner ear from viral or bacterial ear infections may interfere with the messages your inner ear sends to your brain.Other medical conditionsAnemia. Anemia is not having enough red blood cells. Dizziness is a common anemia symptom.Acoustic neuroma. Noncancerous tumors in your inner ear may affect your balance and make you feel dizzy.Cardiovascular issues. Issues that affect the flow of blood to your brain such as irregular heartbeat (atrial fibrillation), low blood pressure, (hypotension) or narrowed arteries (atherosclerosis) may make you feel dizzy.Concussion. This head injury damages your brain and causes dizziness, among other symptoms.Neurological diseases or disorders. Migraine headaches, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease are examples of neurological disorders that affect your sense of balance and make you feel dizzy.Other common causesMedical conditions and other issues that may cause dizziness include:Anxiety and stress. You may feel dizzy if you hyperventilate because you’re anxious or under stress.Carbon monoxide poisoning. Breathing in carbon monoxide causes dizziness.Dehydration. Dizziness is a symptom of severe dehydration.Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). Sudden dizziness is a hypoglycemia symptom.Medications. Blood pressure medications often cause dizziness.Motion sickness. Motion sickness may make you feel dizzy and affect your balance.Care and TreatmentHow is dizziness treated?Dizziness treatment depends on the cause. For example, if you’re dizzy because you have an inner ear infection, your healthcare provider will treat the infection. If you’re taking medications that make you feel dizzy, your provider may recommend you limit activities until your body adjusts to the medication. Some people benefit from a vestibular test battery to help determine if dizziness is due to an inner ear problem and vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) to help treat the dizziness. Vestibular rehabilitation therapy involves exercises to manage dizziness symptoms.Can I treat dizziness at home?No, but you can manage dizziness. If you’re feeling dizzy, lie down until dizziness passes. When you get up, be sure to move slowly and carefully.What are the possible complications or risks of not treating dizziness?Dizziness may not seem as if it’s a symptom of a serious issue, but you should still talk to a healthcare provider if you’re frequently dizzy:Dizziness may be a symptom of medical conditions that could get worse if left untreated.Dizziness is a balance issue, increasing your risk of falling and possibly being injured.Dizziness may make it unsafe for you to drive vehicles.Sometimes, dizziness may make it hard for you to work or manage your daily tasks and responsibilities.AdvertisementCan dizziness be prevented?The best way to prevent dizziness is to find out why you’re dizzy. For example, if you become dizzy when you’re dehydrated, you may prevent dizziness by drinking enough water. If you take blood pressure medication that makes you dizzy, your healthcare provider may prescribe a different medication or dosage. Unfortunately, you can’t predict or prevent all things that cause dizziness, such as a neurological disorder.Care at Cleveland ClinicFind a Primary Care ProviderSchedule an AppointmentWhen to Call the DoctorWhen should a healthcare provider treat dizziness?Talk to your provider if:Dizziness affects your ability to go about your day.Dizziness doesn’t go away or keeps coming back.AdvertisementAdditional Common QuestionsWhat’s the difference between dizziness and vertigo?With vertigo, you have a sensation that you’re moving through space or your surroundings are spinning. Dizziness is an overall feeling of being unbalanced.A note from Cleveland ClinicEveryone has dizzy spells — a sudden wooziness that comes and goes. But some people have severe or frequent dizziness that disrupts their daily lives. Talk to a healthcare provider if you often feel very dizzy. That way, you’ll know why you’re dizzy and what you can do to manage dizziness.Medically ReviewedLast reviewed by a Cleveland Clinic medical professional on 04/03/2023.Learn more about our editorial process.ReferencesAdvertisementCleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. 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Dizziness: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

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First Aid

Dizziness

By

Shamard Charles, MD, MPH

Published on August 29, 2022

Medically reviewed by

Smita Patel, DO

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Table of Contents

Symptoms

Types

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When to See a Healthcare Provider

Frequently Asked Questions

Dizziness is a non-specific term used to express a variety of sensations like lightheadedness, imbalance, or like the room is spinning.

Its causes range from standing up too quickly to more serious conditions—like vertigo—that merit medical treatment. Most of the time, dizziness is an acute symptom that resolves quickly and on its own, but sometimes it may signal a more serious problem.

This article discusses the symptoms and potential causes of dizziness and covers the risk factors and when to seek tests or treatment for your symptoms.

FG Trade / Getty Images

Symptoms of Dizziness

Dizzy is a subjective feeling that differs from person to person. Dizziness is most commonly described as one of the following sensations: 

LightheadednessWoozyFeeling like your spinning or disorientedUnsteady (like you are going to lose your balance)A swimming feeling like you need to hold onto something or concentrate while walking

Sometimes dizziness is also accompanied by:

ClamminessNauseaVomitingPalenessLoss of consciousness 

Types of Dizziness

The various types of dizziness are outlined below.

Vertigo

Vertigo is a subtype of dizziness characterized by a sensation of motion either of the body or the surrounding environment due to dysfunction of the vestibular system, which helps maintain balance.

Vertigo is most commonly described as the feeling of the room spinning while you’re still. There are many different subtypes of vertigo, such as:

Vestibular neuritisBenign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)Vestibular migraine (the most common type)

The cause of your dizziness may differ depending on the subtype, but they all show some level of discord in how the brain interprets visual information about one’s position in space.

Of note, vertigo can be a medical condition in and of itself—oftentimes of unknown origin—or a symptom of an underlying medical condition such as a metabolic disorder like kidney failure, multiple sclerosis, or stroke.

Presyncope

Presyncope is that faint feeling you feel when you get up too quickly. More commonly known as lightheadedness, presyncope occurs when blood is restricted to the brain.

Disequilibrium

Disequilibrium is the feeling of unsteadiness or imbalance often associated with inner ear dysfunction, ear infections, and neuro-degenerative conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease.

Causes of Dizziness

The foremost common causes of dizziness are:

Ear infections

Inner ear disorders (such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo [BPPV] and Meniere's syndrome)

Motion sickness

Side effects from medication 

It’s also important to note that sometimes the cause of your dizziness simply cannot be explained.

What Medications Can Cause Dizziness

Any medication that is toxic to the inner ear (ototoxic) or can precipitate an electrolyte imbalance in the body has the potential to cause dizziness.

The following medications (and their drug classes) most commonly trigger medication-induced vertigo-like symptoms:

Analgesics (codeine)Antibiotics (aminoglycosides, macrolides, minocycline, nitrofurantoin, sulfamethoxazole)Anticonvulsants (levetiracetam, phenytoin, pregabalin)Anti-inflammatories (celecoxib, parecoxib, naproxen, prednisone)Antimalarials (mefloquine, quinine, hydroxychloroquine)Antivirals (oseltamivir, raltegravir)Anti-Parkinson’s drugs (lisuride)Cardiovascular drugs (nifedipine, furosemide, indapamide, prazosin, terazosin, glyceryl trinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, sotalol, timolol)Gastroenterology drugs (omeprazole, lansoprazole, sucralfate)Rheumatology drugs (zolendronic acid, alendronate)Phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors (sildenafil, vardenafil)Other medicines (lithium, haloperidol, benzodiazepines, desmopressin, melatonin)

How to Treat Dizziness

Finding the root cause of your dizziness will determine the best course of action for you. 

Inner-ear issues: If the cause of your dizziness is due to inner-ear issues, it can usually be well managed with medications, at-home positional exercises, or canalith positioning procedures—a special set of exercises performed by your physical therapist designed to remove inner ear crystals.

BPPV: This can be resolved with canalith positioning procedures, a special set of exercises performed by your physical therapist designed to remove inner ear crystals. Surgery is not usually indicated. 

Migraines: These can be treated with triptan medication, an anti-inflammatory diet, avoiding common migraine triggers, and anti-nausea medication such as Zofran ODT (ondansetron).

Meniere’s disease: This is an inner ear disorder characterized by severe dizziness (vertigo), ringing in the ears (tinnitus), hearing loss, and a feeling of fullness or congestion in the ear. The exact cause of Meniere's is a mystery, and there is no cure, but your symptoms may be mitigated with a low-salt diet and balancing exercises to ‘retrain’ the nervous system. Prescription drugs such as meclizine, diazepam, glycopyrrolate, and lorazepam can also help relieve dizziness and shorten the duration of your dizzy spells. In more severe cases, injections with the antibiotic gentamicin or ear surgery may be indicated.

Panic disorder: If this is the cause of your dizziness, cognitive behavioral therapy may be helpful. Taking anti-anxiolytics and using breathing exercises may also provide added benefits if anxiety is at the root of your dizziness. 

Electrolyte or hormonal imbalance: To help this, drinking an energy drink such as zero-sugar Gatorade or Powerade, as well as plenty of water, can reverse your chemical imbalance and dehydration, resolving your dizziness along the way. Be sure to avoid strenuous exercise and excessively hot places for additional relief.

If your symptoms of dizziness are severe, persistent, recurrent, do not resolve with your normal at-home remedies or medications, or are associated with stroke-like symptoms, seek immediate medical attention from a healthcare provider. 

Can Medications Help Treat Dizziness?

Are There Tests to Diagnose the Cause of Dizziness?

Finding the root cause of your dizziness always starts with a healthcare provider taking a detailed medical history, including careful questioning about the nature of the dizziness, and a focused physical examination, which may include observing eye movements, balance and walking, positional testing, and a blood pressure check. 

To determine what might be causing your dizziness, your healthcare provider may recommend/perform one of these tests:

CT scan or MRI of the head and neck: These imaging techniques can look for physical abnormalities or blockages that might explain the lack of blood flow to the brain, which can cause dizziness.

Blood work: A blood test can identify electrolyte or vitamin deficiencies.

Electronystagmography (ENG or electrooculography): This test uses electrodes to measure electrical impulses in the eye associated with nystagmus (rapid involuntary eye movement). If nystagmus does not occur upon electrical stimulation, it may indicate inner ear dysfunction.

Consult your healthcare provider if your test results are unclear or if you have any questions. After taking these exams, you should meet with your healthcare provider, who will explain the results and discuss your treatment options.

When to See a Healthcare Provider

If your symptoms of dizziness are recurrent, sudden, worsening, not going away with your typical treatments, or worrying you, seek immediate medical attention. 

If you or a loved one experiences any of the following associated symptoms, call 911, as it may be a sign of a stroke or some other life-threatening problem:

ConfusionDifficulty speaking or understanding others who are speakingSlurred speech or a hoarse voiceNumbness or weakness in the face or extremities, especially if it’s on one sideTremors or clumsinessVision problems, like difficulty seeing or double visionUnequal pupil sizeA drooping eyelid on one sideLoss of balance or inability to stand even if holding onto a stationary objectInability to move one or more extremitiesSudden or severe vomiting without known causeSudden, severe headache or neck pain without known cause

Summary

Dizziness is a non-specific term used to express a variety of sensations like lightheadedness, imbalance, or like the room is spinning triggered by a range of conditions and activities, from unknown causes and standing up too fast to heart failure or inner ear disorders. 

A Word From Verywell

If you're feeling dizzy, make sure you prevent yourself from falling and injuring yourself. If your dizziness goes away, it may not be cause for concern. If your dizziness repeats, consider seeing a healthcare provider to better understand what's causing your dizziness.

Frequently Asked Questions

What causes dizziness?

The exact cause of dizziness is unknown, and there are many subtypes of dizziness. But in vertigo, one of the most common causes, dizziness is caused by inner ear dysfunction that impacts balance, position, and proprioception.

Is dizziness a sign of a brain issue?

Dizziness is rarely a sign of a brain issue, although it may be associated with low blood flow to the brain, stroke, Parkinson’s disease, or hypertensive crisis, all of which affect the brain. 

How can I get rid of dizziness?

Treating the underlying cause of your dizziness is the best way to resolve your symptoms. Changing positions, doing home exercises, and taking medications (as mentioned above) may be enough to ameliorate your dizziness. However, if your symptoms worsen, do not resolve within a couple of days, or begin affecting your ability to perform daily tasks, contact a healthcare provider as soon as possible.

7 Sources

Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

MedlinePlus. Dizziness.

Drug-induced true vertigo and balance disorders. Prescrire Int. 2015;24(156):18.

Patel PR, Quinn JV. Syncope: a review of emergency department management and disposition. Clin Exp Emerg Med. 2015;2(2):67-74. doi:10.15441/ceem.14.049

Rubin DI, Cheshire WP. Evaluation of "dizziness" in the neurology office. Semin Neurol. 2011;31(1):29-41. doi:10.1055/s-0031-1271306

Walker B, Colledge N, Ralston S, et al. Davidson's Principles and Practice of Medicine 22nd edition. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. 2014.

Hain TC. Vertigo and Disequilibrium. In: Current Treatment in Neurologic Disease, 5th ed. Eds: Johnson R, Griffin J. 2007; 8-12. Also In: Current Therapy in Adult Medicine, 4th ed. Kassirir JP, Greene HL. Mosby;2007:1358-1361.

MedlinePlus. Meniere’s disease.

By Shamard Charles, MD, MPH

Shamard Charles, MD, MPH is a public health physician and journalist. He has held positions with major news networks like NBC reporting on health policy, public health initiatives, diversity in medicine, and new developments in health care research and medical treatments.

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Dizziness Causes - Mayo Clinic

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CausesBy Mayo Clinic Staff

The causes of dizziness are as varied as its symptoms. It can result from something as simple as motion sickness — the queasy feeling that you get on hairpin roads and roller coasters. Or it can be caused by an inner ear disturbance, infection, reduced blood flow due to blocked arteries or heart disease, medication side effects, anxiety, or another condition. Sometimes a cause can't be identified.

Dizziness, particularly vertigo, occurring by itself, without any other symptoms, is generally unlikely to be a sign of a stroke.

Some causes of dizziness include:Inner ear problemsMany cases of dizziness are caused by problems that affect the balance mechanism in your inner ear. Examples include:Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) Ear infection (middle ear) Meniere's disease Migraine Reduced blood flowDizziness can be caused if your brain doesn't receive enough blood. This can occur for a variety of reasons, including:Arteriosclerosis / atherosclerosis Anemia — a condition in which the body doesn't get oxygen due to a lack of healthy red blood cells. Dehydration (when the body doesn't have enough water and other fluids to work as it should)Hypoglycemia Heart arrhythmia (heart rhythm problems)Orthostatic hypotension (postural hypotension) Stroke Transient ischemic attack (TIA) Certain medicationsSome types of drugs cause dizziness, including some varieties of:AntidepressantsAnti-seizure drugsDrugs to control high blood pressureSedativesTranquilizersOther causes of dizzinessCarbon monoxide poisoning Concussion Depression (major depressive disorder) or other mood disordersGeneralized anxiety disorder Motion sickness: First aid Panic attacks and panic disorder

Causes shown here are commonly associated with this symptom. Work with your doctor or other health care professional for an accurate diagnosis.

 

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Show references

Walls RM, et al., eds. Dizziness and vertigo. In: Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier; 2018. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Dizziness and vertigo. Merck Manual Professional Version. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/ear-nose-and-throat-disorders/approach-to-the-patient-with-ear-problems/dizziness-and-vertigo. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Dizziness and motion sickness. American Academy of Otolaryngology — Head and Neck Surgery. https://www.entnet.org//content/dizziness-and-motion-sickness. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Flint PW, et al. Peripheral vestibular disorders. In: Cummings Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2015. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 8, 2018.

Bope ET, et al. Dizziness and vertigo. In: Conn's Current Therapy 2018. Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier; 2018. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 8, 2018.

Branch WT, et al. Approach to the patient with dizziness. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Heat injury and heat exhaustion. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00319. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Muncie HL, et al. Dizziness: Approach to evaluation and management. American Family Physician. 2017;95:154.

Moskowitz HS, et al. Meniere disease. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Migraine information page. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Migraine-Information-Page. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Shepard NT (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. June 4, 2018.

Rohren CH (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. July 4, 2018.

Important facts about falls. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/homeandrecreationalsafety/falls/adultfalls.html. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.

Gleason A, et al., eds. Dizziness demographics and population health. In: Dizziness and Vertigo Across the Lifespan. St. Louis, Mo.: Elsevier; 2018. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed June 25, 2018.

Carbon monoxide poisoning FAQs. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/co/faqs.htm. Accessed Oct. 8, 2020.

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